Which of the following describes Refeeding Syndrome?

Refeeding syndrome is primarily characterized as a metabolic disturbance that occurs when an individual who has been in a state of prolonged starvation or malnutrition begins to receive nutrition again, particularly through carbohydrates. During starvation, the body undergoes various physiological changes, including depletion of electrolytes such as phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium. When nutritional support is reintroduced, especially in the form of carbohydrates, insulin secretion increases, which drives these electrolytes into the cells, potentially leading to dangerously low levels in the bloodstream. This can cause severe complications such as cardiac arrhythmias, respiratory failure, and neurological symptoms.

The condition highlights the importance of careful monitoring and gradual refeeding protocols in patients at risk, emphasizing that reintroducing nutrition must be done cautiously to avoid the serious consequences associated with this syndrome. Understanding this metabolic process is critical in the clinical management of patients who have experienced prolonged fasting or malnutrition.