Which action is appropriate for a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis?

Applying a mask to the patient during exchanges is an appropriate action for a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). This practice acts as an infection control measure, significantly reducing the risk of introducing pathogens during the peritoneal dialysis exchange process. During these exchanges, it is critical to maintain a sterile environment to prevent peritonitis, an infection of the peritoneal cavity that can occur if bacteria enter through the catheter.

Maintaining proper technique and hygiene is paramount in CAPD, and wearing a mask helps protect both the patient and the healthcare providers from potential contamination. This is particularly important because the exchange involves accessing the peritoneal cavity, which must remain as sterile as possible.

In contrast, the other options do not meet the rigorous standards needed for maintaining safety and sterility during dialysis exchanges. For example, notifying the provider of clear effluent or using cold dialysis fluid may not necessarily be harmful, but they do not address the key issue of infection control, which is crucial in this context. Encouraging the patient to stay upright could also help with fluid drainage but does not prioritize infection prevention during the exchange process. Therefore, wearing a mask is the most appropriate action to ensure patient safety during CAPD exchanges.