What should the nurse do first when a patient shows signs of respiratory distress?

When a patient shows signs of respiratory distress, the priority for the nurse is to assess airway patency. Ensuring that the airway is open and unobstructed is critical because respiratory distress can quickly lead to life-threatening situations if airflow is compromised. An assessment of airway patency involves checking for any obstructions or abnormalities that could impede breathing, such as swelling, foreign bodies, or secretions.

Once the airway is confirmed to be patent, the nurse can then proceed with other interventions, such as administering medications like bronchodilators, calling for help if needed, or monitoring vital signs. However, the immediate focus must be on confirming that the patient can breathe adequately. This initial assessment lays the foundation for further treatment and ensures that the patient receives the most appropriate care urgently required in a distress situation.