What is the primary source of oxygen for the fetus during pregnancy?

The primary source of oxygen for the fetus during pregnancy is the placenta. The placenta serves as an essential organ that facilitates the exchange of nutrients and gases between the maternal and fetal circulatory systems. It connects the developing fetus to the uterine wall, allowing for the transfer of oxygen from the mother’s bloodstream to the fetus.

Oxygen-rich maternal blood flows into the placenta, where it diffuses across the placental barrier into the fetal circulation. This process helps ensure that the fetus receives adequate oxygen to support its growth and development throughout pregnancy. Additionally, the placenta also assists in removing carbon dioxide and metabolic waste from the fetal blood back into the maternal circulation, highlighting its critical role in maintaining a healthy environment for the fetus.

While the umbilical cord acts as the conduit that carries blood between the placenta and the fetus, it is not the source of oxygen itself, but rather a transport mechanism. Similarly, although amniotic fluid creates a protective environment for the fetus, it does not provide oxygen. The maternal blood supply is essential; however, it is the placenta that specifically enables the transfer of oxygen from the mother to the fetus.