What is the correct initial dose of naloxone for adults experiencing opioid overdose?

The correct initial dose of naloxone for adults experiencing opioid overdose is between 0.4 to 2 mg. This range is established based on clinical guidelines and practices, as it provides flexibility depending on the severity of the overdose and the specific situation. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that works by displacing opioids from their receptors in the brain, rapidly reversing the effects of the overdose, including respiratory depression.

Administering an initial dose of 0.4 to 2 mg allows for quick response in most cases. If the desired response (e.g., improvement in respiratory rate and consciousness) is not seen within 2-3 minutes, additional doses can be given. This approach ensures effective management of the overdose while minimizing potential adverse effects of giving too much naloxone, such as precipitating opioid withdrawal in dependent individuals.

In contrast, other listed doses either provide a narrower or broader scope that may not align with established recommendations. For example, the option of 0.1 mg/kg may be more relevant in pediatric situations, while using a higher fixed dose like 5 mg may unnecessarily burden the patient with naloxone if lower doses suffice. Thus, the range of 0.4 to 2 mg is the most